Septic Tanks with Absorption Systems

The septic tank is a water resistant chamber composed of a durable material that will not be subject to decay or corrosion (mainly concrete, but can be heavy-duty plastic). At the top of the septic tank, you will find the lids, commonly refered to as "manhole covers", and white PVC pipes that are refered to as inspection ports.

From the septic tank, the liquid goes into the absorption area or drainfield. There are many different types of absorption areas, from in-ground to sand mounds. Each works in the same way, filtering the liquid through a layer of stones to be absorbed into the ground underneath.

Cesspools and Septic Tanks with Seepage Pits

Many older homes with systems installed before 1970 have a cesspool or seepage pit. A cesspool is large hole that is lined with concrete block of field stones. They have an open bottom for the solids to settle on while the liquid seeps out of the openings in the wall.

Sometimes you will find a septic tank in use with a seepage pit. A seepage pit is constructed similarly to a cesspool, except there is a layer of rock or aggregate placed around the concrete block or field stone while the bottom remains open. The septic tank is installed between the dwelling and the seepage pit and allows for the separation of solids from the liquid while storing the accumulated solids. The liquid will flow into the seepage pit and filter into the soil.

Unfortunately, if there is a malfunction with a cesspool or seepage pit, there is no repair that can be performed. Regulations put forth by the State of Pennsylvania and Department of Environmental Protection state that a new septic system must be installed.